An economic, political, and social philosophy developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that views history as a struggle between economic classes, particularly capitalists (owners of the means of production) and workers. Marxism advocates replacing capitalism with collective ownership of productive resources, initially through socialism as a transitional stage, ultimately progressing toward communism—a classless, stateless society in which resources are distributed according to need rather than individual wealth or market forces.
« Back to Glossary IndexMarxist theory
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